Safe and effective treatment options without the risk of systemic side effects.
The use of oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is associated with upper gastrointestinal complications, particularly perforated and bleeding peptic ulcer. Meta-analyses suggest that the relative risk is about 3. Recent studies have shown this risk to be dose related. This is one reason why the use of topically applied non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is advocated as plasma concentrations of the drugs remain relatively low after topical application.
An open-label, single-dose pharmacokinetic study was designed to determine the concentrations of ketoprofen in the semitendinosus muscle/tendon and plasma after topical application or oral administration to patients scheduled for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The results shows that topically applied ketoprofen induced rapid and sustained delivery to the underlying tissues without a significant increase of the plasma drug concentration. This shows that topical application of ketoprofen provided relief while bypassing any systemic side effects.
The aim of another study was to compare the efficacy and safety of topically applied ketoprofen versus orally administered ketoprofen in 20 patients with grade I ankle sprain and 34 patients with grade II sprain. The good efficacy in pain reduction and absence of side effects in the present study distinguished the topically applied ketoprofen as a favorable treatment for patients with accidental or sport soft tissue injuries.
Six studies, including 600 subjects, compared the use of topical versus oral NSAIDs in the treatment of a variety of acute injuries. Nine trials, including 2403 subjects, studied topical versus oral NSAIDs for chronic injury treatment, almost exclusively for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. This review included all available comparative studies, the majority of which were well-designed, double-dummy, placebo-controlled trials. Relevant meta-analyses were also reviewed. In all head-to-head comparisons, topical and oral NSAIDs demonstrated similar efficacy for treatment of both acute and chronic injuries. There were more gastrointestinal side effects in patients receiving oral NSAIDs, while local skin reactions occurred more frequently in patients treated with topical NSAIDs.
Klinge, Stephen A., and Gregory A. Sawyer. "Effectiveness And Safety Of Topical Versus Oral Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Comprehensive Review". The Physician and Sportsmedicine 41.2 (2013): 64-74.
Evans, J M M et al. "Topical Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs And Admission To Hospital For Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding And Perforation: A Record Linkage Case-Control Study". BMJ311.6996 (1995): 22-26.
Moore, R A et al. "Quantitive Systematic Review Of Topically Applied Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs". BMJ 316.7128 (1998): 333-338.
Sekiya, Ichiro et al. "Ketoprofen Absorption By Muscle And Tendon After Topical Or Oral Administration In Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction". AAPS PharmSciTech 11.1 (2010): 154-158.
Serinken, M., C. Eken, and H. Elicabuk. "Topical Ketoprofen Versus Placebo In Treatment Of Acute Ankle Sprain In The Emergency Department". Foot & Ankle International 37.9 (2016): 989-993.
An open-label, single-dose pharmacokinetic study was designed to determine the concentrations of ketoprofen in the semitendinosus muscle/tendon and plasma after topical application or oral administration to patients scheduled for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The results shows that topically applied ketoprofen induced rapid and sustained delivery to the underlying tissues without a significant increase of the plasma drug concentration. This shows that topical application of ketoprofen provided relief while bypassing any systemic side effects.
The aim of another study was to compare the efficacy and safety of topically applied ketoprofen versus orally administered ketoprofen in 20 patients with grade I ankle sprain and 34 patients with grade II sprain. The good efficacy in pain reduction and absence of side effects in the present study distinguished the topically applied ketoprofen as a favorable treatment for patients with accidental or sport soft tissue injuries.
Six studies, including 600 subjects, compared the use of topical versus oral NSAIDs in the treatment of a variety of acute injuries. Nine trials, including 2403 subjects, studied topical versus oral NSAIDs for chronic injury treatment, almost exclusively for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. This review included all available comparative studies, the majority of which were well-designed, double-dummy, placebo-controlled trials. Relevant meta-analyses were also reviewed. In all head-to-head comparisons, topical and oral NSAIDs demonstrated similar efficacy for treatment of both acute and chronic injuries. There were more gastrointestinal side effects in patients receiving oral NSAIDs, while local skin reactions occurred more frequently in patients treated with topical NSAIDs.
Klinge, Stephen A., and Gregory A. Sawyer. "Effectiveness And Safety Of Topical Versus Oral Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Comprehensive Review". The Physician and Sportsmedicine 41.2 (2013): 64-74.
Evans, J M M et al. "Topical Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs And Admission To Hospital For Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding And Perforation: A Record Linkage Case-Control Study". BMJ311.6996 (1995): 22-26.
Moore, R A et al. "Quantitive Systematic Review Of Topically Applied Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs". BMJ 316.7128 (1998): 333-338.
Sekiya, Ichiro et al. "Ketoprofen Absorption By Muscle And Tendon After Topical Or Oral Administration In Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction". AAPS PharmSciTech 11.1 (2010): 154-158.
Serinken, M., C. Eken, and H. Elicabuk. "Topical Ketoprofen Versus Placebo In Treatment Of Acute Ankle Sprain In The Emergency Department". Foot & Ankle International 37.9 (2016): 989-993.